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A public-domain text about Boston, accessioned whole so the archive can quote it.","text_extract":"^ 1 ^9 • ^ \n\n\nJ''\\ \n\n\n¥'•/% '-W^' /\\ °\"^^' .*'% \\W*° /\\. \n\n\nFORTY OF BOSTON'S \nIMMORTALS \n\n\nSHOWING ILLUSTRATIONS \n\nAND GIVING A BRIEF SKETCH OF FORTY MEN \n\nOF THE PAST WHOSE WORK WOULD \n\nENTITLE THEM TO A NICHE IN A \n\nBOSTON HALL OF FAME \n\n\nPRINTED FOR THE \n\nSTATE STREET TRUST COMPANY \n\nBOSTON MASSACHUSETTS \n\n\nCOPYRIGHTED \nigio Br THE \n\nSTJTE STREET \nTRUST CO MP ANT \n\n\nf'^l^ \n\n\nS^ \n\n\n^ \n\n\nCOMPILED ARRANGED \nAND PRINTED UNDER \nTHE DIRECTION OF THE \nWALTON ADVERTISING \nAND PRINTING COMPANY \nBOSTON MASS \n\n\nCCI.A258737 \n\n\nI FOREWORD \n\n\nTHIS small book presents for your entertain- \nment and information the portraits and a \nconcise description of forty of those repre- \nsentative men who during the past have \nachieved prominence in various walks of life and whose \nlives belong to the history of Boston. \n\nIt does not purpose to be a complete record, but \naffords merely a glimpse and a thumb-nail history, as \nit w^ere, of those whom the consensus of opinion would \ndeem worthy of a place in a Boston Hall of Fame. \nOnly those who have spent the greater part of their \nlives in Boston or Greater Boston, or have accomplished \ntheir work here, have been considered. Where no \nportraits are in existence, monuments have been \nreproduced. \n\nThe State Street Trust Company hopes that you \nwill find this brochure worthy of preservation. Thanks \nare due to Mr. Charles F. Read, of the Bostonian \nSociety, and to Mr. Charles H. Taylor, Jr., for their \nassistance in the gathering of matter for this book. It is \npresented to you with the compliments of the State \nStreet Trust Company. \n\n\nBorn Derby, England, \nApril 12, 1585 \n\n\nJOHN COTTON \n\nClergyman \n\n\nDied Boston. \nDecember 23, 1652 \n\n\nRev. John Cotton, the vicar of St. Botolph's Church, Boston, England, for more \nthan twenty years, fell under the ban of Archbishop Laud, and fled to New Eng- \nland, arriving here in 1633. He was ordained in the same year as colleague and \nteacher of the church in Boston, and became widely known as a preacher. He \nwas deeply versed in the ancient languages, and published many religious works. \nA tablet was placed to his memory in St. Botolph's Church in 1859, chiefly by his \ndescendants in New England, and a recumbent statue of him was erected in the \nFirst Church of Boston a few years ago, also by his descendants. \n\n\nBorn Groton, EnjiUind, \nJanuary 12, 1587 \n\n\nJOHN WINTHROP \n\nGovernor of Massachusetts \n\n\nDied Boston. \nMarch 26, 1640 \n\n\nJohn Winthrop was made governor of the Massachusetts Bay Company in \nEngland in 1629, and came to New England in what is now called the Winthrop \nfleet. The colonists of this company, who brought their charier with them, settled \nBoston in 1630, and Winthrop was chosen governor each year until 1634 and for \nseveral terms in later years. His rule was marked by ability and firmness. A \nman of spotless character and the leading citizen in the colony, he was deeply mourned \nat his death. \n\n\nBorn England, \nIS9S \n\n\nWILLIAM BLACKSTONE \nFirst Settler in Boston \n\n\nDied Rehoboth. R.I.. \nMay 26, 167s \n\n\nWilliam Blackstone, a graduate of Emmanuel College, Cambridge, England, \nand a clergyman, had been the sole inhabitant of Shawmut for several years, when \nthe Winthrop Ctampany settled there in 1630 and gave it the name of Boston. His \nhome was on the southerly slope of the eminence we now call Beacon Hill, near the \npresent corner of Beacon and Charles Streets. In 1634, desiring to continue a life of \nretirement and study, Blackstone sold his estate and rights in the neck of land \ncalled Boston to the town authorities, and removed the following year to Rehoboth, \nR.I., where he resided until his death. His grave is located in Cumberland, R.I., \nand a monument has been erected over it to his memory. \n\n\nBorn Widtord, England, \nAugust, 1604 \n\n\nJOHN ELIOT \n\nApostle to the Indians \n\n\nDied Roxbury. Mass., \nMay 20, i6qo \n\n\nRev. John Eliot came to New England in 1631, and was ordained the ne.\\t year \nas pastor of the church at Roxbury. He continued in this charge until his death, \nand was venerated by the people of the town as their spiritual leader. He pub- \nlished many sermons and tracts, as was the custom of his time. John Eliot is best \nremembered for his effort to Christianize the Indians near the English settlements \naround Boston and in New England, and he was regarded as one of the most success- \nful Indian missionaries. To improve their spiritual condition, he even learned their \nlanguage, and published a Bible and grammar in the Indian dialect. The illustration \nis from an old print, but not authentic, as no portrait is in existence. \n\n\nBorn Southwark, England, \nNovember 29, 1607 \n\n\nJOHN HARVARD \n\nFirst Benefactor \nof Harvard College \n\n\nDied Charlestown, Mass., \nSeptember 14, 1638 \n\n\nJohn Harvard, the first benefactor of the college which bears his name, was \nborn in England, and was graduated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, England, in \n1631. He emigrated to New England in 1637, being made a freemanof the Massa- \nchusetts Bay Colony in November of that year. He was soon ordained as pastor \nof the church in Charlestown, but died ere he had long filled the ministerial oflice. \nJohn Harvard left to the college at Cambridge half of his estate and also a library \nof more than three hundred volumes. As a tribute to his memory, the alumni of \nHarvard College erected in 1828 a monument in the ancient burial-place in Charles- \ntown where he is interred. \n\n\nBorn Bishopstoke, England, \nMarch 28, 1652 \n\n\nSAMUEL SEWALL \n\n\nT>ied Boston, \nJanuary i, 1730 \n\n\nJurist \n\nSamuel Sevvall came to New England from England when a child. He was \ngraduated at Harvard College in 167 1, and later studied divinity, but marrying \nthe daughter of John Hull, the rich mint-master of Boston, he devoted his future \nlife to the public service. He held high office for many years in both the legislative \nand judicial branches of the Province of Massachusetts Bay. While a judge, he \nwas relentless in his treatment of the so-called witches, and many of them were given \ntheir death sentences by him. Afterwards, seeing his awful mistake, before a large \ncongregation he confessed his error, and begged the people to pray \"that God might \nnot visit his sin upon him, his family, or upon the land.\" Judge Sewall was one of \nthe leading citizens of Boston of his time, and is best known to the present genera- \ntion by his published diary, which is a wonderful pen picture of the time in which \nhe lived. \n\n\nBorn Boston, \nFebruary i2, 1663 \n\n\nCOTTON MATHER \n\nClergyman \n\n\nDied Boston, \nFebruary 13, 1728 \n\n\nCotton Mather was so precocious a student that he was graduated with honor \nat Harvard College when he was sixteen years old. He then taught school for several \nyears, after which he was ordained to the ministry and became colleague of his father, \nRev. Increase Mather, then pastor of the \"Old North\" Church in Boston. He \nremained with this church as colleague and pastor until his death. He was a strong \nbeliever in witchcraft, and took a leading part in the persecution and trials of the \nso-called witches. His writings, of which perhaps the best known is his \"Magnalia,\" \ncomprised nearly four hundred volumes, chiefly of a religious nature. \n\n\nBorn New Rochelle, N.Y. \nJune 20, 1700 \n\n\nPETER FANEUIL \n\nMerchant Benefactor \n\n\nDied Boston, \nMarch 3, 1743 \n\n\nPeter Faneuil, the son of a French Huguenot, became at the age of forty years \nthe richest merchant of Boston. It was therefore wholly appropriate that he should \nbuild for the town of his adoption a market, over which should be a hall for the \ncitizens of Boston to assemble in town meeting. The building was dedicated to \npublic use as Faneuil Hall, September 10, 1742, and was the meeting-place of the \npatriots preceding and during the Revolution, from which fact it came to be known \nas the Cradle of Liberty. The hall and market are still in daily use. \n\n\nBorn Boston, \nSeptember 27, 1722 \n\n\nSAMUEL ADAMS \n\nPatriot, Governor of \nMassachusetts \n\n\nDied Boston, \nOctober 2, 1803 \n\n\nSamuel Adams, by his patriotic advocacy of the Hberties of the people in the \nAmerican colorties, came to be known as \"Father of the Revolution.\" He con- \ndemned British rule, and was one of the leaders in the events which immediately \npreceded the Revolution. He was a prominent member of the Continental Con- \ngress from 1774 to 1 781, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and e.xerted \ngreat influence in the councils of his fellow-countrymen. Samuel Adams continued \nin public life after the great conflict was won, and was lieutenant-governor of Mas- \nsachusetts and later governor. His death was the occasion of national mourning. \n\n\nBorn West Barnstable, Mass., \nFebruary 5, 1725 \n\n\nJAMES OTIS \nPatriot \n\n\nDied Andover. Mass. \nMay 23, 1873 \n\n\nJames Otis was graduated at Harvard College in 1743, and became a lawyer, \npractising in Plymouth, Mass., and also in Boston, where he became widely known. \nHis public career began in 1761, when in the present old State House he made his \nfamous speech against the writs of assistance. He was soon elected to the General \nCourt of Massachusetts, and he and Samuel Adams became the leading spirits of \nthe patriots in the earlier events which preceded the Revolution. In 1769, as the \nresult of a brutal assault by a political enemy, his brilliant mind became weakened, \nand the remainder of his life was spent in retirement. \n\n\nBorn Boston, \nJanuary i, 1735 \n\n\nPAUL REVERE \n\nPatriot \n\n\nDied Boston, \nMay 10, i8i8 \n\n\nPaul Revere, who was of French Huguenot descent, was by trade a silversmith, \nengraver, and bell founder, and examples of his work are highly prized to-day by \nthose who possess them. One of the best known of his engravings is his picture \nof the Boston Massacre. He became prominent in political events before the Rev- \nolution, and was made famous by his ride with William Dawes on the night of April \n18, 1775, through the Middlesex villages to warn the country folk of the British \nexpedition to Concord. Throughout the war he rendered elBcient service to the \npatriot cause. Revere was grand master of the Grand Lodge of Massachu- \nsetts from 1794 to 1797 and first president of the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanics \nAssociation from 1794 to 1797. \n\n\nBorn Braintree, Mass., \nOctober 19, 1735 \n\n\nJOHN ADAMS \n\nSecond President of the \nUnited States \n\n\nDied Quincy, Mass., \nJuly 4, 1826 \n\n\nJohn Adams, the son of a farmer, having taught school at Worcester and hav- \ning studied law, soon acquired a reputation as a lawyer in his native town. He was \ncounsel for the town of Boston in the opposition to the Stamp Act, and in 1770, \nhaving removed to that town, was elected to the General Court of Massachusetts. \nFrom this time he was continuously in public life for more than thirty years. He \nwas a member of the Provincial and Continental Congresses and a signer of the \nDeclaration of Independence. He went to France, Holland, and England on diplo- \nmatic missions, and was Vice-President of the United States when George Wash- \nington was President, and President from 1797 to 1801. At the expiration of his \nterm as President he retired to private life. \n\n\nBorn Quincy, Mass., \nJanuary 12, 1737 \n\n\nJOHN HANCOCK \n\nPatriot \n\n\nDied Quincy, Mass., \nOctober 8, 1793 \n\n\nJohn Hancock, upon completing his education, entered the counting-room of \nhis uncle, Thomas Hancock, a wealthy Boston merchant, and inherited his uncle's \nbusiness and estate when he died in 1764. His Boston residence was the famous \nHancock House, which stood on Beacon Street until the year 1863, and for many \nyears the mansion was the scene of much social and political activity. Becommg \none of the leaders of the patriots, he was president of the Continental Congress \nin Philadelphia from 1775 to 1777, and as such was the first delegate to sign the \nDeclaration of Independence in 1776. He was the first State governor of Massa- \nchusetts from 1780 to 1785, and was also elected annually from 1787 until 1793, \nwhen he died in office. \n\n\nBorn Boston, \nJuly 3, 1737 \n\n\nJOHN SINGLETON COPLEY \n\n\nPainter \n\n\nDied London, England, \nSeptember 9, 1815 \n\n\nJohn Singleton Copley acquired fame in his native town while yet a young man, \nand painted many portraits of Bostonians of prominence, notably those of John \nAdams, Samuel Adams, and John Hancock. In 1774 he went to Italy to pursue \nhis studies, and two years later became a permanent resident of London, England. \nHe was befriended there by Benjamin West, R.A., the American painter, whose \ninfluence was of great assistance to him. Copley was renowned for his historical \npaintings and his portraits of eminent men. He was made a Royal Academician \nin 1789. His son, John Singleton Copley, became Lord Lyndhurst, and was twice \nLord Chancellor of England. Copley is commemorated in his native place by the \nsquare which bears his name. \n\n\nBorn Roxbury, Mass., \nJune II, 1741 \n\n\nJOSEPH WARREN \nPhysician, Patriot \n\n\nKilled at Bunker Hill, \nJune 17, 1775 \n\n\nJoseph Warren, after his graduation at Harvard College in 1759, studied medi- \ncine, and at the opening of the Revolutionary War had attained to prominence as \na physician. He entered with zeal into the political events which preceded the \nRevolution, and filled ofHices of trust and responsibility. Dr. Warren was appointed \na major-general on June 14, 1775, by the Provincial Congress of Massachusetts. \nThree days later he was killed at the battle of Bunker Hill, at the time when the first \nreal battle showed the colonists that a bloody struggle with the mother country was \ninevitable. \n\n\nBorn Boston, \nAugust 8, 1763 \n\n\nCHARLES BULFINCH \n\nArchitect \n\n\nDied Boston, \nApril 15, 1844 \n\n\nCharles Bulfinch, after graduating at Harvard College in 1781, developed a love \nfor architecture, which was further stimulated by study in Europe whither he went \nin 1785. Returning to Boston in 1787, he at once engaged in the practice of his pro- \nfession, and during a long career designed very many of the public buildings erected \nin Massachusetts and elsewhere. Prominent among these in Boston are the State \nHouse, the Massachusetts General Hospital, and the State Prison, all still standing, \nand the first Boston Theatre and the first Roman Catholic Cathedral, now both \ndemolished. Bulfinch resided in Washington, D.C., from 1818 to 1830 as the archi- \ntect of the United States Capitol. He was also prominent in civic affairs in Boston, \nserving as selectman from 1789 to 1793 and as chairman of the board from 1797 to \n1818, during which time the town made such progress that he has been called The \nGreat Selectman. \n\n\nJOHN QUINCY ADAMS \n\nSixth President of the Died Washington, pc, \n\nBorn Braintree, Mass., oialu \n\nJuly II, 1767 Un)ted btates \n\n\nFebruary 23, 1848 \n\n\nJohn Qui^cy Adam» was 8-dua.cd from Harvard gllege^n. 787^^^^^^^^^ \nMriachuseTts, 'and wal known as \"The Old Man Uoquent. \n\n\nJEAN LEFEBVRE DE CHEVERUS \n\nBorn Mayenne, France, First Roman Catholic Bishop Died Bordeaux. France, \n\n\nJanuary 28, 1768 \n\n\nof Boston \n\n\nJuly ig, 1836 \n\n\nJean Lefebvre de Cheverus, who was born of a distinguished famil}', was edu- \ncated in his native city and in Paris, France. He was ordained in Paris just before \nthe French Revolution, but left his native land on account of existing disorder there. \nAfter a residence in London, England, he came to Boston in 1796, and, with Rev. \nFather Martignon, ministered to the spiritual needs of the Catholic congregation \nin that town. During his residence in Boston he was beloved by Protestants and \nCatholics alike, and the former contributed largely for the cathedral erected iri \n1803. He was made first Roman Catholic bishop of Boston in 1808. Recalled to \nFrance, Bishop Cheverus was made bishop of Montauban in 1823, archbishop of \nBordeaux in 1826, and cardinal in 1836. \n\n\nBorn Boston, \nFebruary 4, 1772 \n\n\nJOSIAH QUINCY \n\nMayor of Boston, \nPresident of Harvard University \n\n\nDied Quincy, Mass., \nJuly I, 1864 \n\n\nJosiah Quincy was graduated at Harvard College in 1790- He then studied law, \nand began practice as a lawyer in Boston in 1703. He became prominent in public \nlife, and was a State senator of Massachusetts and a member of Congress for four \nterms. He was Mayor of Boston from 1823 to 1829, and gave his native city an \nadministration so progressive that he has been called The Great Mayor. He was \npresident of Harvard University from 1829 to 1845, and there also rendered executive \nservice to his Alma Mater that greatly increased her prosperity. \n\n\nBorn Salem, Mass., \nMarch 26, 1773 \n\n\nNATHANIEL BOWDITCH \n\nNavigator, Astronomer \n\n\nDied Boston, Mass., \nMarch 16, i8j8 \n\n\nNathaniel Bowditch left school while he was yet a child, and was later an ap- \nprentice until he became of age. He then went to sea for nine years, becoming \nboth captain and supercargo of the ship \"Putnam\" in his last voyage in 1802. \nFrom 1804 to 1823 he was president of the Esse.x Fire and Marine Company of \nSalem, and then removed to Boston, having become actuary of the Massachusetts \nHospital Life Insurance Company of that city. He remained with this company \nuntil his death. Although self-taught, he so mastered mathematics that he published \n\"The Practical Mariner,\" but his great work is his \"Commentarj'\" on the \"Me- \ncanique Celeste\" of Laplace, the celebrated astronomer and mathematician. He \nwas a member of many learned societies in the United States and Europe. \n\n\nBorn Marblehead, Mass., \nSeptember i8, 1779 \n\n\nJOSEPH STORY \n\nJurist \n\n\nDied Cambridge, Mass. \nSeptember 10, 1845 \n\n\nJoseph Story was graduated at Harvard College in 1798. He then studied law, \nand was admitted to the bar in 1801. He first practised his profession in Salem, \nMass. He was a member of the Massachusetts legislature and speaker of the \nHouse of Representatives in 181 1. He was also a member of Congress and a delegate \nto the State Constitutional Convention of Massachusetts in 1820. In 181 1 he was \nappointed a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, and in 18 2q Dane \nProfessor of Law at Harvard University, holding both offices until his death. Jus- \ntice Story attained to eminence as a lawyer. His \"Commentaries\" is a standard \nwork on the Constitution. \n\n\nBorn Newport, R.I., \nApril 7, 1780 \n\n\nWILLIAM ELLERY CHANNING \n\nClergyman \n\n\nDied Bennington, Vt. , \nOctober 2, 1842 \n\n\nWilliam Ellery Channins, after his graduation at Harvard College in 1798, \nwas a teacher, and later studied theology. In 1803 he became the pastor of the \nFederal Street Congregational Church in Boston, and remained in this pastorate, \nthough enfeebled in health, until 1840. During the great religious movemeiit \nearly in the nineteenth century, he was the leader of the Unitarian side, and his \ninfluence is a power to-day in the church of that denomination in the United States. \nHe published many books, both religious and miscellaneous, being much interested \nin reform movements. A statue of William Ellery Channing is placed opposite \nthe Arlington Street Church. \n\n\nBorn Salisbury, N.H., \nJanuary i8, i; \n\n\nDANIEL WEBSTER \n\nStatesman \n\n\nDied Marshfield, Mass., \nOctober 24, 1852 \n\n\nDaniel Webster, after graduating at Dartmouth College in 1801, taught school, \nand then studied law in Boston, being admitted to the bar in 1805. He soon won \nsuccess as a lawyer in New Hampshire, his most famous case bemg the Dartmouth \nCollege case In 1813, being elected a member of Congress, he began a career by \nwhich he became the foremost public man of his time, and was kept almost con- \ntinuously in public office. Removing to Boston in 1816, he was agam elected to \nCongress was United States senator from Massachusetts, and Secretary of State \nof the United States in the administrations of Presidents Harrison and Fillmore. \nHe was also an unsuccessful aspirant for the Presidency. Webster delivered count- \nless orations and addresses, his greatest efTort being his Reply to Hayne in 1S30, and \nhis fame as a statesman and orator has never been surpassed in the United Mates. \nHe was devoted to agriculture, and died at his farm in Marshfield, lamented by the \nnation. \n\n\nBorn Groton, Mass., \nDecember i6, 1792 \n\n\nABBOTT LAWRENCE \n\nMerchant, Minister to England \n\n\nDied Boston, \n\nAugust i8, 1855 \n\n\nAbbott Lawrence, after being educated at Groton Academy, entered mercan- \ntile life in the store of his brother, Amos Lawrence, in Boston. He became a \npartner with his brother in the firm of A. & A. Lawrence, importers, and \namassing a fortune in this business, entered pubh'c life, for which he was eminently \nfitted. He served two terms in Congress and was United States minister to \nEngland from 1849 to 1852. Abbott Lawrence founded the Lawrence Scientific \nSchool at Harvard University, giving it an endowment of one hundred thousand \ndollars, and he was widely known and respected for his many benefactions. \n\n\nBorn Dorchester, Mass. \nApril II, I7Q4 \n\n\nEDWARD EVERETT \n\nStatesman \n\n\nDied Boston, \nJanuary 15, 1865 \n\n\nEdward Everett, a graduate of Harvard College in 1811, after being pastor of \nthe Brattle Street Church, Boston, and Professor of Greek Literature at Harvard \nCollege, early entered upon a public career which gave him great distinction. He \nfilled many positions of trust and dignity, among which were the governorship of \nMassachusetts and the presidency of Harvard University. He was also a senator \nfrom Massachusetts and Secretary of State of the United States. He was widely \nknown as an orator, and his published addresses are models of eloquence. He de- \nlivered the oration at the time that President Lincoln made his celebrated Gettys- \nburg address, and, when he died, Lincoln issued a proclamation announcing his death \nto the nation. \n\n\nWILLIAM HICKLING PRESCOTT \n\n\nBorn Salem, Mass., \nMay 4, 1796 \n\n\nHistorian \n\n\nDied Boston, \nJanuary 28, 185Q \n\n\nWilliam Hickling Prescott, receiving an injury to an eye while a student in \nHarvard College, determined to devote his life to a literary rather than a professional \ncareer. As a result of his injury, he was obliged to have assistance in his literary \nwork during his entire life. Prescott wrote the \"Conquest of Mexico,\" the \"Con- \nquest of Peru,\" the \"History of Philip II. of Spain,\" and other works of great \nliterary merit, and his writings were translated into the French, Spanish, Dutch, \nand Italian languages. He was also honored by membership in many learned \nsocieties in the United States and Europe. \n\n\nIjorn Essex, Mass., \nOctober i, 1799 \n\n\nRUFUS CHOATE \n\nStatesman \n\n\nDied Halifax, N.S., \nJuly 15, 1859 \n\n\nRufus Choate studied law after his graduation at Dartmouth College in iSiq \nand practised his profession for about ten years in Danvers, Mass. He removed \nto Boston in 1834, and there gained the highest reputation as a lawyer. Entering \npublic life, he was a representative and senator in the State government of Massa- \nchusetts, a member of Congress and United States senator from Massachusetts \nfrom 1 84 1 to 1845, succeeding Daniel Webster, who had been made Secretary of \nState of the United States. Rufus Choate's skill as a lawyer and his power and \ngrace of oratory gave him a fame which has been rarely equalled in Massachusetts. \n\n\nBorn Boston, \nNovember lo, 1801 \n\n\nSAMUEL GRIDLEY HOWE \n\nBenefactor of the Blind \n\n\nDied Boston, \nJanuary 9, 1876 \n\n\nSamuel Gridley Howe was graduated at Brown University in 182 1, and then \nstudied medicine, but did not practise that profession, as his activities through a \nlong life were devoted to philanthropic movements. He was actively engaged from \n1821 to 1827 in the struggle for independence in Greece, residing in that country \nfor several years, and was subject to arrest in Prussia in 1832 for aiding the Polish \narmy then in that country. Dr. Howe was actively interested in the anti-slavery \nmovement in Massachusetts, but his enduring monument is his work for the welfme \nof the blind, and their present rational treatment is largely the result of his labors \nboth in this country and in Europe. In 1832 he organized the Perkins Institution \nfor the Blind in Boston, and he was connected with it for the remainder of his life. \n\n\nBorn Newburyport, Mass., \nDecember 12, 1804 \n\n\nWILLIAM LLOYD GARRISON \n\nAnti-slavery Leader \n\n\nDied Boston, \nMay 24, 1879 \n\n\nWilliam Lloyd Garrison learned the printer's trade while with the Newbury- \nport Herald and at the same time wrote for its columns. He was then connected \nfor several years with a newspaper which strongly advocated temperance and the \nabolition of slavery. Having become the champion of the anti-slavery movement, \nin 183 1 he established in Boston the Liberator for the free expression of his unpop- \nular views. Garrison only escaped bodily harm from a mob in Boston in 1835 bj' \nbeing rescued by friends and placed for safe keeping in the city jail. In 1868 he \nwas presented with a generous gift of money as a national tribute to his great work \nin the abolition of slavery. He was the founder of the American Anti-slavery \nSociety in 1832, and its president from 1843 to 1865. \n\n\nHorn Portland, Me., \nFebruary 27, 1807 \n\n\nHENRY WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW \n\n-T) _4. Died Cambridge, Mass., \n\n-I Oet March 24, 1882 \n\nHenry Wadsworth Longfellow was a graduate of Bowdoin College in 1825. \nHe then studied law with his father, but decided to devote his life to literature. He \nbecame Professor of Modern Literature and Languages at Bowdoin College, and later \nfilled the same professorship at Harvard College for many years. Longfellow \nbegan to write verse at an early age, and the numberless poems which he wrote, all \nof the loftiest sentiment, made him the most popular and beloved of American poets; \nand many editions of his poetical and prose works have been published in the United \nStates and England. His best known longer poems are \"Evangeline\" and I,\" Hia- \nwatha,\" and his translation of Dante's \"Divine Comedy.\" Professor Longfellow's \nhome in Cambridge was the celebrated Craigie House, which was the headquarters \nof General Washington during the Revolutionary War. \n\n\nOLIVER WENDELL HOLMES \n\n\"\"^ AugutlJ'sop'\"' Physician and Author \n\n\nDied Boston, \nOctober 7, 1894 \n\n\nOliver Wendell Holmes was graduated at Harvard College in the famous class \nof 1829, and then began the study of law, but soon decided to study medicine. He \nbecame better known, however, as a professor of anatomy and phjsiology at Dart- \nmouth and Harvard Colleges than as a practicing physician. Dr. Holmes is best \nknown to fame as a writer of poetry and prose. He began his literary work while \nyet a student at college, and throughout his long life wrote many poems, some of \nwhich sparkle with humor and some in a more serious vein. His prose works also \nfill several volumes, the best known being his \"Autocrat of the Breakfast Table.\" \n\n\nBorn Lexington, Mass. \nAugust 24, 1810 \n\n\nTHEODORE PARKER \n\nClergyman \n\n\nDied Florence, Italy. \nMay 10, i860 \n\n\nTheodore Parker was a student at Harvard College, but was not a graduate of \nthat institution. He studied theology, and was installed as pastor of the Second \nUnitarian Church in West Roxbury in 1837. In 1846 he established an organiza- \ntion at Boston known as the Twenty-eighth Congregational Society, and his preach- \ning, especially in the Music Hall from 1852 to 185Q, attracted great numbers of \npeople who admired his radical theology. He was pastor of the society until his \ndeath. Theodore Parker was deeply interested in the causes of temperance and \nthe abolition of slavery, and was also known as a lecturer. Much of his literary \nwork has been published. \n\n\nBorn Boston, \nJanuary 6, 1811 \n\n\nCHARLES SUMNER \n\nStatesman \n\n\nDied Washington. D.C. \nMarch 11, 1874 \n\n\nCharles Sumner was graduated at Harvard College in 1830 and at the Harvard \nLaw School in 1834. He then practised his profession in Boston and also lectured \nat the Law School in Cambridge. Entering public life, he was elected in 1851, \ndespite great opposition, United States senator from Massachusetts, succeeding \nDaniel Webster in that ofhce. Although incapacitated for several years, as the \nresult of a brutal assault on the floor of the Senate by Brooks, he remained a senator \nuntil his death, and was one of the leaders of that august body, holding throughout \nthe Civil War the chairmanship of the Committee on Foreign Affairs. He delivered a \ngreat many orations and addresses, and many of them have been published. His death \nwas mourned by his native state, and he received public funeral honors in Boston. \n\n\nBorn Boston. \nNovember 29, 181 1 \n\n\nWENDELL PHILLIPS \n\nOrator, Reformer \n\n\nDied Boston, \nFebruary 2, 18 \n\n\nWendell Phillips, son of John Phillips, first mayor of Boston, was a graduate \nof Harvard College in 1831 and of the Harvard Law School in 1833. He was ad- \nmitted to the Suffolk, bar in 1834. Becoming active, however, in the anti-slavery \nagitation, he soon abandoned his profession, as he could not conscientiously sub- \nscribe to the Constitution of the United States, which then countenanced slavery. \nMr. Phillips by his great powers of oratory, which have been seldom excelled in \nthe United States, accomplished much for the cause of the abolition of slavery, and \nwas an earnest coworker with William Lloyd Garrison in that great movement. \nHe was president of the American Anti-slavery Society from 1865 to its dissolu- \ntion in 1870. He was also widely known as a public lecturer, his grace and elo- \nquence mak'ng him popular on the lecture platform. \n\n\nBorn Windham, Me., \nMay 31, j8i8 \n\n\nJOHN ALBION ANDREW \n\nWar Governor of Massachusetts \n\n\nDied Boston, \nOctober 30, 1867 \n\n\nJohn Albion Andrew, having studied law after his graduation at Bowdoin Col- \nlege in 1837, wag admitted to the bar in 1840. He early became interested in the \nanti-slavery movement in Massachusetts, and rendered legal service in fugitive \nslave cases. Having been elected to the House of Representatives of Massachu- \nsetts in 1858 and having been a delegate to the Republican Convention which nomi- \nnated Abraham Lincoln for the Presidency in i860, he was elected in the latter \nyear governor of Massachusetts. His services as governor from 1861 to 1865, \nembracing the period of the Civil War, were discharged with the utmost fidelity, and \nhe was often a counsellor of President Lincoln in affairs of state. Governor Andrew \npractically gave his life to the cause of the suppression of slavery, for he died less \nthan three years after the close of the Civil War. \n\n\nWILLIAM THOMAS GREEN MORTON \n\n^^TugS^xSxT^^' First Demonstrator of Ether ^'^^^j^.I^xsas''-''- \n\n\\Mlliam Thomas Green Morton left his father's farm when a lad, and came to \nBoston, but, being unsuccessful in business, studied dentistry in the city of Balti- \nmore, and later established himself in Boston. Being told that sulphuric ether would \nsubdue pain, he made experiments which confirmed this belief, and on October i6, \n1846, at the request of Dr. John Collins Warren, he administered ether successfully \nin a surgical operation, for the first time, at the Massachusetts General Hospital in \nBoston. Other claimants for the great honor appeared, but Dr. Morton is acknowl- \nedged to be the first demonstrator of the use of ether in surgery. \n\n\nBorn Boston, \nApril 3, 1822 \n\n\nEDWARD EVERETT HALE \n\nClergyman, Author \n\n\nDied Boston, \nJune 10, 1909 \n\n\nEdward Everett Hale, who was of distinguished New England ancestry, was \ngraduated at Harvard College in 1839. After receiving a theological education, \nhe was from 1846 'to 1856 pastor of the Church of the Unity in Worcester, Mass \nHe then removed to Boston, having become minister of the South Congregational \nSociety of that city, and remained in that pastorate until his death. In addition to \nbeing eminent as a preacher, he was a voluminous writer, and some of his stories, \nnotably \"The Man without a Country,\" have become classics. Dr Hale was active \nin numberless organizations for the uplifting of humanity and vvhen he died, was \ndeeply mourned in the community. He was chaplain of the United States Senate \nat the time of his death. \n\n\nBorn Boston, \nSeptember i6, 1823 \n\n\nFRANCIS PARKMAN \nHistorian \n\n\nDied Boston, \nNovember 8, 1893 \n\n\nFrancis Parkman was graduated at Harvard College in 1844 and at the Har- \nvard Law School in 1846, but he did not practise that profession, for he decided early \nin life to devote his energies to literature. With this end in view, he travelled ex- \ntensively while yet a young man, and visited historic localities and Indian tribes \nfrom Maine to the Rocky Mountains, his object being to write a history of the \npioneer period of the United States and Canada. In 1851 he published his \"Con- \nspiracy of Pontiac,\" and this was followed as the years passed, in spite of almost \ncontinuous physical suffering, by a series of publications bearing the general title \nof \" France and England in America,\" which form an enduring contribution to Ameri- \ncan historical literature. \n\n\nPHILLIPS BROOKS \n\nBorn Boston. ProtCStant EpisCOpal Bishop Died Boston, \n\nDecember 13, 1835 of Massachusetts January 23, 1893 \n\nPhillips Brooks, after his graduation at Harvard College in 1855, taught at the \nBoston Latin School, and later studied at the Theological Seminary at Alexandria, \nVa. He was ordained to the ministry in 1859, and was then rector successively \nof the Church of the Advent and the Church of the Holy Trinity in Philadelphia, \nPa. In 1869 he returned to his native city, and became rector of Trinity Church, \nwhere he remained until 1891, when he was elected bishop of Massachusetts. Fill- \ning the episcopate less than two years, his sudden death was the occasion of public \nmourning seldom equalled in Boston, and his funeral at Trinity Church was a pub- \nlic demonstration of love and respect. His statue in Boston, built by the contri- \nbutions of the people, is a tribute to his power for good. \n\n\nROBERT GOULD SHAW \n\nBorn Boston, o ij' r i.1- r^' *l ii7 Killed at Fort Wagner. S.C., \n\nOctober lo, 18^7 Soldier of the Civil War juiy is, 1863 \n\nRobert Gould Shaw, a graduate of Harvard College in 1S60, entered the service \nof his country early in the Civil War, and was an officer in the Second Regiment, \nM. V. M. In 1863 he was appointed colonel of the Fifty-fourth Regiment, \nM. V. M., by Governor Andrew. This was the first of the colored regiments to \nbe raised in the North for service in the war. Colonel Shaw left Boston for the \nseat of war May 28, 1863, proud to march at the head of his colored troops. Less \nthan two months later he fell at the head of his regiment at the assault on Fort \nWagner, and was Iniricd in a trench with those of his command who were killed. \nColonel Shaw is immortalized in his native city by the Shaw Memorial on Beacon \nStreet, opposite the State House. \n\n\nH 107 89 \n\n\n^^0** x'-'mt^^-' \\'-zf>y^